Cơ chế · phòng thủ

DEF / MDEF

Trong Pre-Renewal, phòng thủ có HAI phần độc lập. Hard DEF (từ trang bị) giảm sát thương theo phần trăm; soft DEF (từ VIT) được trừ trực tiếp sau đó. MDEF hoạt động theo cách tương tự, nhưng phần soft của nó tỷ lệ thuận với INT. Vì vậy VIT và INT không phải là các chỉ số "giảm sát thương" mơ hồ — chúng là những con số cụ thể dưới đây.

Giải thích dễ hiểu

Why defense matters

Defense (DEF) is how much your character reduces the physical damage it takes. MDEF does the same thing, but against magic. Imagine an enemy hitting for 1000 — with no defense you lose the full 1000 HP, but with solid defense that might turn into, say, 400. The rest just gets eaten up by your armor and your body. The longer you want to stand in a fight without dropping, the more defense matters.

Two parts: hard and soft

The most important thing to grasp from the very start: in pre-renewal, defense is made of TWO separate parts, and they work completely differently. The first part is hardDEF, which is a percentage. That comes from armor, refine, and buffs. The second part is softDEF, which is flat — it subtracts a fixed number. It comes from your VIT (and for magic, softMDEF also comes from INT).

Order and formula

The order of operations is this: first the hardDEF percentage is taken off the damage, and only THEN the flat softDEF is subtracted from the result. The physical formula: result = floor(damage × (100 − hardDEF) / 100) − softDEF, where softDEF = floor(VIT / 2). For magic: result = floor(damage × (100 − hardMDEF) / 100) − softMDEF, where softMDEF = INT + floor(VIT / 2).

Weak vs big hits

Why does this difference matter so much? Because the percentage part (hardDEF) works equally well against any hit — small or large. But the flat part (softDEF) subtracts the same number from every single hit. So against many weak hits, flat defense is wonderful: if an enemy hits for 60 and your softDEF is 45, you take almost nothing. But against one huge 5000 hit, that same 45 is barely noticeable.

Crit ignores defense

And one more key thing: a critical hit (crit) completely IGNORES both kinds of DEF — hard and soft. So against enemies with high crit, armor will not save you; you need other defenses there (Lucky Dodge, FLEE against non-crit attacks, and so on). Keep this in mind when you build a tank.

Công thức

damage = floor( damage × (100 − hardDEF) / 100 ) − softDEF

hardDEF: hard DEF — giảm sát thương theo phần trăm từ giáp/tinh luyện (giới hạn 100)
softDEF: soft DEF — trừ trực tiếp, floor(VIT/2)

softDEF = floor(VIT / 2)

VIT: chỉ số VIT nhân vật

magic = floor( magic × (100 − hardMDEF) / 100 ) − softMDEF

softMDEF: soft MDEF — INT + floor(VIT/2)

softMDEF = INT + floor(VIT / 2)

INT: chỉ số INT nhân vật

Ví dụ mẫu VIT 80 · INT 30

Sát thương vật lý nhận vào	raw	1000
Sau hard DEF	1000 × (100 − 55) / 100	450
Sau soft DEF	450 − 40 (softDEF = ⌊80/2⌋)	410
Sát thương phép nhận vào	raw	1000
Sau MDEF	900 − 70 (softMDEF = 30 + ⌊80/2⌋)	830

Soft DEF cũng có một thành phần ngẫu nhiên (ngẫu nhiên từ VIT) — phần được đảm bảo floor(VIT/2) được hiển thị. Crit bỏ qua cả hai DEF.

Thêm ví dụ

A high-VIT tank soaks a hit

An enemy hits you physically for 300. You have hardDEF 40% (armor + refine) and VIT 90. Let us calculate: 300 × (100 − 40) / 100 = 300 × 0.60 = 180. Then softDEF = floor(90 / 2) = 45. Result: 180 − 45 = 135. So out of 300 damage you only took 135 — less than half.

A weak frequent enemy versus one big hit

Imagine hardDEF 50% and VIT 80, so softDEF = floor(80 / 2) = 40. A weak hit of 100: 100 × 0.50 = 50, minus 40 = just 10 damage! Now a strong hit of 1000 with the same stats: 1000 × 0.50 = 500, minus 40 = 460. See the difference? The flat softDEF cut the weak hit by a factor of 10, while against the strong hit it is barely felt. That is exactly why VIT defense is so loved by anyone fighting crowds of small mobs.

Magic damage: here INT saves you

A mage casts on you for 800 damage. You have hardMDEF 20% (from gear), INT 50 and VIT 60. First the hard part: 800 × (100 − 20) / 100 = 800 × 0.80 = 640. Now softMDEF = INT + floor(VIT / 2) = 50 + 30 = 80. Result: 640 − 80 = 560. Notice that against magic the flat subtraction comes not only from VIT but from your whole INT — which is why mages and priests usually have decent natural resistance to magic.

Mốc chỉ số

hardDEF and hardMDEF are capped at 100% — defense beyond 100% no longer reduces damage (it would mean full immunity, which the game does not grant by ordinary means).
Flat softDEF is especially strong against frequent weak hits: it subtracts the same number from every hit, so it can almost cancel out tiny hits.
Against one big hit, flat softDEF is barely noticeable — there it is the percentage hardDEF that decides things.
A critical hit (crit) fully ignores both hardDEF and softDEF — defense does not save you from crits.
softDEF in the game also has a small RANDOM component; what is shown here (floor(VIT / 2)) is the GUARANTEED minimum you always get.
softMDEF against magic = INT + floor(VIT / 2): this is exactly why INT gives not only SP and magic damage, but also magic defense.

Các sai lầm thường gặp

Thinking DEF is one single number. In reality hard (%) and soft (flat) are two different systems that combine in different ways.
Pumping only VIT and hoping to survive big hits. Flat defense barely reduces big hits — there you need percentage hardDEF from armor and refine.
Assuming high armor saves you from crits. Crit pierces both DEF types completely.
Ignoring MDEF on physical characters. Many dangerous enemies and players hit with magic, and without INT/MDEF you fold instantly.
Confusing the order: first the hardDEF percentage is multiplied, and ONLY THEN the flat softDEF is subtracted, not the other way around.

Ai cần thiết: Most important for tanks, crusaders, and anyone standing on the front line in WoE/MVP. But a basic understanding of DEF/MDEF is useful for everyone — even a frail mage should know why they have natural MDEF from INT.

Các công thức đã được xác minh theo engine uAthena (Pre-Renewal, Episode 11.2).